How to Grow Strawberries in Ohio

Growing strawberries in Ohio can be a rewarding and enjoyable experience for both amateur and experienced gardeners. Strawberries are not only a popular and delicious fruit, but they also provide numerous health benefits, such as being rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and fiber.

Ohio’s climate provides a suitable environment for growing strawberries, with its warm summers and cool winters. However, it is essential to understand the specific requirements and techniques for successful strawberry cultivation in this region.

This guide will cover everything you need to know about growing strawberries in Ohio, from choosing the right variety to planting, caring for, and harvesting your homegrown strawberries.

By following these steps and tips, you’ll be able to enjoy fresh, juicy strawberries straight from your garden and share them with friends, family, and neighbors. So, let’s dive into the world of strawberry growing and discover how you can transform your backyard into a fruitful oasis.

Growing and Enjoying Bountiful Strawberries in Ohio: A Comprehensive Guide

Choosing the Right Strawberry Variety

When it comes to growing strawberries in Ohio, selecting the right variety is crucial for a successful and bountiful harvest. There are two main types of strawberries: everbearing and June-bearing. Understanding the differences between these types and choosing the best variety for your garden will ensure optimal growth and fruit production.

Everbearing vs. June-bearing strawberries

Everbearing strawberries: These varieties produce fruit throughout the growing season, typically from spring to fall. They tend to have smaller berries but offer a more extended harvest period. Everbearing strawberries are ideal for gardeners who want a continuous supply of fresh strawberries.
June-bearing strawberries: As the name suggests, these varieties produce fruit primarily in June, with a concentrated harvest lasting around three weeks. June-bearing strawberries typically yield larger, more flavorful berries compared to everbearing varieties. They are perfect for gardeners looking to enjoy a substantial harvest at once, ideal for preserving or making jams.

Recommended strawberry varieties for Ohio

Several strawberry varieties are well-suited for Ohio’s climate and growing conditions. When selecting a variety, consider factors such as disease resistance, berry size, flavor, and intended use. Here are some popular choices for Ohio gardeners:

Earliglow: A June-bearing variety known for its early harvest, excellent flavor, and disease resistance. It produces medium-sized berries suitable for eating fresh or processing.
Honeoye: Another June-bearing variety, Honeoye is a hardy plant that adapts well to various soil types. It produces large, firm berries with a sweet-tart flavor, making it a favorite for eating fresh or using in recipes.
Jewel: This June-bearing variety offers large, high-quality berries with a sweet flavor. The plants are vigorous and resistant to several common strawberry diseases.
Allstar: A June-bearing variety with large, firm berries that boast a mild, sweet flavor. Allstar is known for its high yield and resistance to diseases.
Ozark Beauty: An everbearing variety that produces medium-sized, flavorful berries throughout the growing season. This variety is a great option for those who want a continuous harvest of strawberries.

Site Selection and Soil Preparation

Selecting the right site and preparing the soil properly are critical steps in growing healthy, productive strawberry plants in Ohio. These factors significantly impact the growth and development of your strawberries, so it’s essential to give them careful consideration.

Ideal location for planting strawberries

Sunlight: Strawberries require full sun, which means they need at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Choose a location that provides ample sunlight to promote healthy growth and fruit production.
Drainage: Good drainage is essential for strawberry plants, as they are susceptible to root rot and other diseases caused by excess moisture. Avoid low-lying areas where water tends to pool. If necessary, consider planting your strawberries in raised beds to improve drainage.
Air circulation: Adequate air circulation helps prevent fungal diseases and allows the plants to dry quickly after rain or watering. Ensure there is enough space between your strawberry plants and any nearby structures or vegetation.

Soil type and pH requirements

Soil type: Strawberries grow best in well-draining, loamy soil rich in organic matter. Heavy clay or sandy soils can be amended with compost, aged manure, or peat moss to improve their structure and fertility.
Soil pH: The ideal pH for growing strawberries is between 6.0 and 6.5. Test your soil pH using a soil test kit or by sending a sample to a local extension office. If your soil is too acidic, you can add lime to raise the pH; if it’s too alkaline, add sulfur to lower the pH.

Preparing the soil with amendments and fertilization

Incorporate organic matter: Before planting, work several inches of compost, aged manure, or peat moss into the soil to improve its structure, fertility, and water-holding capacity.
Fertilization: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer (such as a 10-10-10) according to the package instructions, or use an organic alternative like aged manure or compost. It’s essential to avoid over-fertilizing, as excessive nitrogen can lead to excessive vegetative growth at the expense of fruit production.
Soil preparation timeline: Ideally, begin preparing the soil several weeks or even months before planting. This allows time for the organic matter and any pH adjustments to become fully incorporated into the soil.

Planting Strawberries

Proper planting techniques are crucial to the successful establishment and growth of your strawberry plants in Ohio. Following the right steps will ensure your plants have a strong start and develop robust root systems for optimal fruit production.

When to plant strawberries in Ohio

Bare-root plants: The best time to plant bare-root strawberry plants in Ohio is in early spring, as soon as the soil can be worked, typically around late March to early April. This allows the plants to become established before the warmer summer temperatures arrive.
Transplants: If you’re using transplants (potted strawberry plants), you can plant them slightly later in the spring, typically around mid-April to early May.

Proper planting techniques for bare-root plants or transplants

Bare-root plants: Soak the roots of the bare-root strawberry plants in water for an hour or two before planting. Dig a hole large enough to accommodate the roots without bending or crowding them. Create a small mound in the center of the hole and spread the roots out over it. Fill the hole with soil, ensuring that the crown of the plant (the point where the roots and stems meet) is level with the soil surface or slightly above it. Overburied crowns can lead to rot, while exposed roots can dry out.
Transplants: Gently remove the strawberry plant from its container, taking care not to damage the roots. Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball, place the transplant in the hole, and fill it with soil. As with bare-root plants, ensure the crown is level with the soil surface or slightly above it.

Spacing and row configuration

Spacing: Proper spacing between strawberry plants is essential for good air circulation, sunlight penetration, and ease of maintenance. For June-bearing varieties, space the plants 18-24 inches apart within rows, with rows spaced 3-4 feet apart. For everbearing varieties, space the plants 12 inches apart within rows, with rows spaced 2 feet apart.
Row configuration: Planting strawberry plants in staggered, double rows can maximize space and yield. In this configuration, plants are spaced as described above, but with a second row offset between the primary row’s plants. This creates a zigzag pattern, allowing for more plants per square foot without sacrificing air circulation and sunlight.

Caring for Strawberry Plants

Taking proper care of your strawberry plants is essential for promoting healthy growth and ensuring a bountiful harvest. By addressing their needs for water, fertilizer, mulching, and pest control, you can enjoy a thriving strawberry garden in Ohio.

Watering requirements and techniques

Frequency: Strawberry plants require consistent moisture, especially during the fruiting period. Aim to provide approximately 1-1.5 inches of water per week, either through rainfall or supplemental irrigation.
Techniques: Water the plants at the base, avoiding wetting the leaves, which can promote fungal diseases. Drip irrigation or soaker hoses are useful for delivering water directly to the root zone while minimizing moisture on the foliage.
Timing: Water your strawberry plants early in the day, giving the leaves time to dry before nightfall, reducing the risk of disease.

Fertilizing schedule and recommendations

Pre-planting: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer (such as a 10-10-10) or an organic alternative like aged manure or compost before planting. Avoid over-fertilizing, as excessive nitrogen can lead to excessive vegetative growth at the expense of fruit production.
In-season: After the initial fertilization, apply a side dressing of fertilizer (or organic alternative) when the plants start to flower and again after the first harvest. For everbearing varieties, apply additional fertilizer every 4-6 weeks throughout the growing season.

Mulching for weed control and moisture retention

Types of mulch: Organic mulches like straw, shredded leaves, or pine needles are suitable options for strawberry plants. These materials help suppress weeds, retain soil moisture, regulate soil temperature, and reduce the risk of fruit rot by keeping the berries off the ground.
Application: Apply a 2-4 inch layer of mulch around the base of your strawberry plants, taking care not to cover the crowns. If using straw mulch, wait until after the plants have flowered to apply it, as it can delay flowering if applied too early.

Pest and disease prevention and management

Prevention: Practice good garden hygiene by removing dead leaves and debris, which can harbor pests and diseases. Encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs and lacewings by planting flowers that attract them. Rotate your strawberry plants every 3-4 years to prevent the buildup of soil-borne diseases.
Monitoring: Regularly inspect your strawberry plants for signs of pests or diseases. Common issues include aphids, slugs, and fungal diseases like leaf spot or gray mold. Address problems promptly to minimize damage.
Management: Use cultural, mechanical, or biological control methods whenever possible, such as hand-picking pests or using insecticidal soap for aphid control. Apply fungicides according to label directions if necessary, but always consider the least toxic option first.

Pruning and Training Strawberries

Proper pruning and training are essential for maintaining healthy strawberry plants and maximizing fruit production. These practices help to manage plant growth, encourage air circulation, and reduce the risk of pests and diseases. The techniques used may vary depending on the strawberry variety you’re growing.

Pruning techniques for different strawberry varieties

June-bearing strawberries

Runner removal: In the first year of planting, remove all runners (long, horizontal stems that produce new plants) as they appear. This encourages the mother plant to focus its energy on establishing a strong root system and producing fruit.
Matted row system: In the second year and beyond, allow some runners to develop and root, forming a matted row of plants about 18-24 inches wide. Remove any additional runners outside this area to prevent overcrowding.
Renovation: After the final harvest, mow or cut back the foliage to about 1-2 inches above the crowns, taking care not to damage the plants. This helps rejuvenate the plants and encourages new growth for the next season.

Everbearing strawberries

Runner removal: Unlike June-bearing varieties, everbearing strawberries should have their runners removed throughout their entire life. This allows the plants to focus their energy on producing fruit rather than developing new plants.

Training methods for optimal growth and fruit production

Hill system: This training method is suitable for both June-bearing and everbearing varieties. It involves planting strawberries in raised mounds or hills, with individual plants spaced according to their variety requirements. This system promotes good drainage, simplifies runner removal, and makes harvesting easier.
Vertical gardening: For gardeners with limited space, consider growing strawberries vertically using containers, hanging baskets, or vertical garden systems. This not only saves space but also helps prevent soil-borne diseases and makes harvesting more accessible. Choose everbearing varieties for this method, as they produce fruit throughout the season and require less space between plants.

Harvesting and Storing Strawberries

The moment you’ve been waiting for has arrived – it’s time to harvest and enjoy your homegrown strawberries in Ohio! Knowing when and how to harvest, as well as how to store your strawberries, will ensure that you get the most out of your bountiful crop.

When to harvest strawberries

Ripeness: Strawberries are ready for harvest when they are fully colored and slightly soft to the touch. For the best flavor, allow the berries to ripen on the plant before picking them. Keep in mind that strawberries do not continue to ripen after being picked.
Timing: June-bearing varieties typically produce fruit for about three weeks in June, while everbearing varieties yield fruit throughout the growing season, from spring to fall. Harvest your strawberries every two to three days during their respective fruiting periods.

How to harvest strawberries

Technique: Grasp the stem of the strawberry just above the berry between your thumb and forefinger. Gently twist the stem to break it off, leaving a small part of the stem attached to the berry. Avoid pulling or tugging on the berry, as this can damage both the fruit and the plant.
Tools: Optionally, use clean, sharp scissors or garden shears to snip the stem above the berry, again leaving a small portion of the stem attached.

Storing and preserving strawberries

Short-term storage: Store freshly harvested strawberries in the refrigerator for up to 5-7 days. Do not wash the berries until you’re ready to eat or use them, as moisture can promote mold growth. Place the unwashed strawberries in a single layer on a paper towel-lined tray or in a breathable container to prevent crushing and promote air circulation.
Freezing: To preserve your strawberries for longer periods, consider freezing them. Wash the berries, remove the stems, and pat them dry. Arrange the strawberries in a single layer on a parchment paper-lined baking sheet and freeze until solid. Once frozen, transfer the berries to airtight containers or freezer bags and store them in the freezer for up to 6-8 months.
Canning, drying, and other preservation methods: There are numerous ways to preserve your strawberry harvest, including making jams, jellies, preserves, or fruit leather. Explore different recipes and techniques to find the best way to enjoy your homegrown strawberries all year long.

Winterizing Strawberry Plants

Preparing your strawberry plants for winter is essential to ensure their survival and productivity in Ohio’s cold climate. Proper winterization techniques will help protect the plants from extreme temperatures, frost heave, and desiccation, allowing them to thrive in the following growing season.

Timing for winterizing strawberries

Begin preparing your strawberry plants for winter after they have gone dormant, typically after several hard frosts or when the daytime temperatures consistently stay below 40°F (4°C).

Steps to winterize your strawberry plants

Remove dead foliage and weeds: Clean up the strawberry bed by removing dead leaves, spent fruit, and weeds. This helps reduce the risk of pests and diseases overwintering in the debris.
Apply a layer of mulch: Spread a 4-6 inch layer of insulating mulch, such as straw, pine needles, or shredded leaves, over the entire strawberry bed. The mulch helps to regulate soil temperature, prevent frost heave, and reduce moisture loss. Ensure that the crowns of the plants are not buried, as this can lead to rot.
Protect from rodents: In some areas, rodents like mice and voles may seek shelter in the mulch and feed on the strawberry plants. To deter these pests, consider placing wire mesh or hardware cloth around the bed, or use repellents approved for use around fruit plants.

Uncovering the strawberry plants in spring

As the temperatures begin to warm up in late winter or early spring, carefully remove the mulch from the strawberry plants. Start by pulling back the mulch from the crowns and gradually remove more as the weather warms.

Monitor the plants for signs of new growth, and once they begin to show consistent growth, remove the remaining mulch. You can either compost the mulch or spread it around the plants to suppress weeds and retain moisture during the growing season.

Enjoying Your Homegrown Strawberries

Growing your own strawberries in Ohio is a rewarding experience that provides you with delicious, fresh fruit straight from your garden. There are countless ways to enjoy your homegrown strawberries and share them with friends and family. Here are some ideas for savoring your harvest:

Eat them fresh

There’s nothing quite like enjoying sun-ripened strawberries straight from the garden. Simply wash the berries and enjoy their natural sweetness as a healthy snack.

Add to salads

Strawberries make a delicious addition to both sweet and savory salads. Pair them with mixed greens, goat cheese, and a balsamic vinaigrette for a refreshing summer salad.

Incorporate into desserts

Strawberries are a popular ingredient in a variety of desserts, such as strawberry shortcake, pies, tarts, and ice cream. Experiment with different recipes to find your favorite way to enjoy your homegrown berries.

Blend into smoothies

Strawberries add natural sweetness, flavor, and nutrients to smoothies. Combine them with other fruits, yogurt, or milk for a delicious and nutritious drink.

Make preserves

Turn your strawberries into jams, jellies, or preserves to enjoy their flavor throughout the year. These homemade treats make thoughtful gifts for friends and family as well.

Top your breakfast

Strawberries are a tasty topping for cereal, oatmeal, yogurt, or pancakes. They add a burst of flavor and nutrition to your morning meal.

Create refreshing beverages

Use your strawberries to make refreshing drinks like lemonade, infused water, or cocktails. Strawberry-infused beverages are perfect for warm summer days.

Share with others

One of the joys of growing your own strawberries is sharing the bounty with friends, family, and neighbors. Offer freshly picked berries or homemade treats to spread the joy of homegrown produce.

Conclusion

Growing strawberries in Ohio can be a rewarding and enjoyable experience, providing you with delicious, fresh fruit straight from your garden. By following proper planting techniques, caring for your plants, pruning and training them, and winterizing them, you’ll set the stage for a successful strawberry harvest.

Take advantage of the various ways to enjoy your homegrown strawberries, from eating them fresh to incorporating them into tasty recipes. Share your bounty with friends and family, showcasing the fruits of your labor and spreading the joy of homegrown produce.

With a little effort and care, you can enjoy a bountiful strawberry harvest in Ohio for years to come.